Particulars of Claim: faulty goods

A faulty goods claim under the Consumer Rights Act 2015 has four building blocks: the consumer/trader status of the parties (section 2), the implied terms about quality and description (sections 9–11), the breach (the fault itself), and the remedy sought (refund, repair, or replacement under sections 20, 23, or 24).

Particulars of Claim: faulty goods

The structure of a faulty-goods claim

Particulars of claim should set out each building block in clear numbered paragraphs. The court and the defendant should be able to read the document and immediately understand what the claim is, what the legal basis is, and what is being claimed. Vague or rambling particulars frequently get amended on directions, delaying the case by weeks.

The template below is a standard CRA 2015 claim. It can be adapted for digital content (substitute sections 34–36 for the implied terms) or services (substitute sections 49–52). The structure remains the same.

Annex the receipt, photos, any inspection report, the LBA, and all correspondence. Keep originals; submit copies.

Picking the right remedy

The CRA 2015 lays out a tiered remedy structure. In the first 30 days you have the short-term right to reject (section 20) — a full refund, no questions asked. After 30 days but within 6 months, the trader has one chance at repair or replacement (section 23); if that fails, you can demand a refund (section 24), which can be reduced for use.

Plead whichever remedy the trader has failed to provide. Most claims are at the section 24 stage — you asked for repair, the trader failed to repair, you now demand a refund. Set out the chronology clearly so the judge can see the trader had its statutory chance and missed it.

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Particulars: deposit dispute