Do I have to use the N1 form?

For a paper claim, yes — N1 is the prescribed form for issuing in the County Court. For online filing, MCOL guides you through equivalent fields without showing you an N1 PDF. Both produce the same legal effect.

Where can I download the N1 form?

Free from gov.uk: search “N1 claim form”. There is also a continuation sheet (N1A) for the Particulars of Claim if they are longer than the N1 itself can hold.

Can I email the N1 to the court?

No. Paper N1s must be filed by post or in person at a County Court. Online filing is via MCOL only — do not email forms to the court directly, they will be ignored.

How many copies do I send?

Three copies of the N1: one for the court file, one for the court to seal and send to the defendant, and one sealed copy returned to you. The court issue fee is paid separately and depends on the amount you claim.

What if I make a mistake on the N1?

If you need to amend your claim, you usually make an application to the court. HMCTS form EX50 says the fee depends on whether the claim has been served: £126 for an application by consent or without notice, or £321 for an application on notice. If the amendment increases the amount you claim, you also pay the difference in the issue fee. Check EX50 or ask the court before you apply.

The N1 claim form, section by section

Where to download the N1 claim form for free, plus a box-by-box walkthrough of what to write in particulars of claim, and statement of truth.

For each box: what to put in, and the practical tip most people miss.

What do judges look for in particulars of claim?

Chronology. When did the agreement form? When did the breach happen? When did you discover the loss?
Quantification. Show your maths. £2,500 invoice plus £400 of consequential loss equals £2,900, not just “about three thousand”.
Mitigation. Have you reduced your loss where you reasonably could? Mention what you did.
Legal basis. One sentence is enough: “Breach of contract” or “Claim under the Consumer Rights Act 2015 s.9”. You don’t need case law.
Statement of truth. Always. Sign and date it.

Small claims court fees

N1 claim form: worked example

Small claims court process

Letter Before Action