What happens at a small claims hearing
A typical small claims hearing in England & Wales follows this sequence. Most claimants describe it afterwards as “less intimidating than I expected”.
Confirm the time and venue (some hearings are now by video). Take three copies of your bundle. Re-read your witness statement and the defendant’s. Plan to arrive 30 minutes early.
Court usher checks you in. Don’t talk substantively to the defendant; a polite hello is fine. Sit in the waiting area until called.
Small claims hearings are held in chambers (a meeting room) not a courtroom. No wigs, no formal robes. Address the judge as “Sir” or “Ma’am” (England) or “Your Honour” if a circuit judge.
The judge introduces themselves, confirms who’s who, and asks the claimant (you) to give a 2–3 minute summary of the case. Stick to facts, not feelings.
You give evidence first. The judge or the defendant may ask questions. Answer the question asked, briefly. Don’t get drawn into argument.
Defendant gives their version, you can ask short factual questions. Avoid sarcasm, interruption, or theatrical objections — judges remember these.
Judge usually decides on the day, briefly explaining reasons. They tell you what was awarded, who pays the court fees, and any time to pay. Get a written order in the post within 7 days.
If you won and they don’t pay within the time the judge set, you move to enforcement (warrant, attachment of earnings, charging order, third-party debt order, or oral examination).