What is the 3-month time limit for employment tribunal claims?

Most employment tribunal claims must be filed within 3 months of the event you're complaining about — usually your last day of work for unfair dismissal, or the date of the discriminatory act. The 3-month period begins with (and includes) that date, so the final day to file is 3 months minus 1 day from your EDT.

Does ACAS early conciliation extend my deadline?

Yes. The limitation clock stops on the day ACAS receives your notification and restarts the day after your EC certificate is issued. That number of days is added onto your original 3-month deadline — so going through ACAS doesn't cost you time, it gives you more of it.

Can the deadline be extended?

Only in limited circumstances. For unfair dismissal, the tribunal can extend only if it was "not reasonably practicable" to file on time — a high bar. For discrimination claims the test is more flexible ("just and equitable"), but extension is never guaranteed.

What is the effective date of termination (EDT)?

Usually the last day you worked, or the date your statutory notice period expired, whichever is later. If you were dismissed without notice or pay in lieu, the EDT is the day you were dismissed. If you're unsure, use the earlier date — it's always safer.

I've missed the deadline. Is it over?

Not necessarily. Some claims, particularly discrimination, have more flexible extension rules. Take advice urgently — many employment law solicitors offer free initial consultations. If your ACAS certificate date was wrong, or you were given incorrect information about your rights, those can also be grounds to argue for an extension.

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